Background: Restenosis or new atherosclerosis formation after stent implantation makes reintervention a necessary process for most patients. The aim of this study was to compare the patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft operation or who were under follow up with medical therapy after stent implantation, and to investigate the risk factors for surgical reintervention.

Methods: Between 1999 and 2002, 157 patients who received stent implantation were included in this study. Seventy-three patients who underwent CABG operation after a control coronary angiography with a mean age of 54.1 ± 11 formed the group A, and 84 patients who were under follow up with medical therapy after a control coronary angiography with a mean age of 52.7 ± 12 formed the Group B. There were no differences in the terms of age, sex, hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus and smoking incidences between the two groups. Type C lesion were more common in Group A than in Group B (p = 0.003).

Results: After stent implantation, the smoking incidence reduced a 11% in group A and 41% in Group B (p < 0.001). Dyslipidemia was controlled in 5% of the patients in group A and 27% of Group B (p < 0.001). Hyperglycemia were seen in 67% of the diabetic patients in Group A. All of the diabetic patients in Group B were normoglycemic in this period. The decreased rate of uncontrolled hypertension was 5 % in Group A and 13% in Group B. In multivariate analysis, hyperlipidemia, smoking and type C lesion were the predisposing factors of CABG operation after stent implantation. Target vessel revascularization rate was 78% and non-target vessel revascularization rate was 90% in CABG operations that were performed to Group A patients, whereas they were 12% and 14% in group B, respectively.

Conclusion: Smoking, hyperlipidemia and type C lesion are the predisposing factors for CABG operationafter stent implantation.

Keywords : Stent implatation, restenosis, coronary bypass, revascularization