Methods: We analyzed retrospectively 200 patients who underwent coronary bypass operation between January, 2000 and September, 2002 in Van Yüksek İhtisas Hospital. One hundred-sixtyfive patients (82.5%) were male and thirty-five (17.5%) were female with a mean age of 56 ± 9 years (range 28 to 76 years). Coronary artery bypass grafting was performed in 56 patients (28%) with off-pump technique.
Results: Hospital mortality was 6% with twelve patients. The mean number of bypassed grafts was 2.2 ± 0.8 (1-5). The rate of perioperative myocardial infarction was 6.5%, and intraaortic balloon pump was used in eleven patients (5.5%). Twenty patients (10%) received endarterectomy of at least one coronary artery. Preoperative risk factors associated with increased early mortality were recent postinfarction unstable angina pectoris, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, low left ventricular ejection fraction (< 40%) and severe ischemic mitral regurgitation.
Conclusions: Coronary artery characteristics such as diffuse-multiple plaque involvement and small calibration or surgical techniques such as the length of endarterectomy and number of bypassed grafts were non-significant effect on early surgical mortality and morbidity of coronary revascularization in our patients.
Atan kalpte tek damar koroner bypass yapılan bir hastada 1 yıl sonra başlayan anjinal yakınmalar nedeniyle yapılan koroner anjiyografide anastomoz alanında ve sağ koroner orta segmentte gelişen ciddi stenoz nedeniyle reoperasyona alınarak atan kalpte safen ven greft kullanılarak LAD ve RCA bypassları gerçekleştirildi.
Koroner endarterektomi yapılan hastaların 11 tanesi kontrole çağırılarak (postoperatif ortalama 8.3 ± 3.7 ay) kontrol koroner anjiyografileri yapıldı. Yedi hastada endarterektomi yapılan koroner bypasslar açık bulundu, 2 hastada sol internal torasik arter görüntülenemedi, 1 hastada sağ koronere ve 1 hastada sirkumfleks artere yapılan safen greftler tıkalı bulundu. Hafif anjinal yakınmaları olan bu hastaların medikal tedavi ile takip edilmesine karar verildi. Poliklinik takiplerinde koroner bypass operasyonu gerçekleştirilen hastaların yaklaşık %40ında tedaviye uyumsuzluk, sigara ve yağlı beslenme alışkanlıklarına devam etme eğilimi, sosyal geri çekilme ve sinirlilik hali olduğu gözlemlendi. Bu bulguların ameliyat edilen hastaların sosyo-kültürel ve eğitim düzeyi düşüklüğü ile uyumlu korelasyon gösterdiği saptandı.
Sonuç olarak bu veriler ışığında bizim ameliyat ettiğimiz bu seride operatif mortaliteyi en fazla etkileyen faktörlerin başında yakın dönem geçirilmiş MI, ciddi sol ventrikül disfonksiyonu, unstable anjina pektoris, iskemik mitral yetersizliğinin varlığı ve ileri KOAH gelmektedir. Koroner arter tutulumunun lokalizasyonu, yaygınlığı, kalibrasyonu, bypass sayısı, kros klemp zamanı ve koroner endarterektomi uygulanması bu çalışmada direkt olarak operatif mortalite ve morbiditeyi etkilememiştir.
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