ISSN : 1301-5680
e-ISSN : 2149-8156
Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery     
The proinflammatory cytokine-mediated protective effects of pentoxifylline, iloprost, and cilostazol on a mitigating lung injury induced by lower limb ischemia and reperfusion in rats
Mete Hıdıroğlu1, Emrah Uğuz1, Gökhan Özerdem2, Esin Yıldız3, Öcal Berkan4
1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
2Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sevgi Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
3Departments of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
4Departments of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty of Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
DOI : 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2014.8304
Background: This study aims to elucidate whether pentoxifylline, iloprost and cilostazol mitigates acute lung injury induced by lower limb ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and their protective effects cover cytokines.

Methods: Forty rats were randomized into five groups: control (group 1), ischemia-reperfusion (group 2), pentoxifylline (group 3), iloprost (group 4), iloprost and cilostazol (group 5). All drugs were administered before ischemia. Samples were obtained for tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-a), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and total sialic acid (TSA) assays. Findings of lung injury were examined.

Results: Interleukin-6 and TNF levels were increased at 90 minutes and sustained elevated even after 240 minutes. In groups 3 and 4, IL-6 and TNF levels were significantly lower at 90, 180 and 240 minutes compared to group 2. At 180 minutes, TSA levels in groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 were significantly different from baseline and 90 minute levels. At this time point, TSA levels of group 2 and 3 were significantly higher compared to group 4 and 5.

Conclusion: In this acute lung injury model induced by I/R of the lower limbs, pretreatment with pentoxifylline, iloprost and cilostazol significantly attenuated proinflammatory activities and parenchymal lung damage.

Keywords : Cilostazol; iloprost; ischemia-reperfusion injury; lung injury; pentoxifylline
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