Nowadays, lung transplantation is approved as one of the standardized treatments of end stage lung parenchymal and vascular diseases with superior long-term survival results. Lung transplantation has become a treatment method with survival advantage in end stage lung diseases which do not respond to treatment such as emphysema, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, bronchiectasis, sarcoidosis, re-transplant (obliterative bronchiolitis), and connective tissue disease, with decreasing frequency order. Thanks to the technological progress in cardiac and hemodynamic system supports as well as the advancements in pulmonary vascular physiology and immunosuppressive treatment, early survival rates of lung transplantation for the first three and 12 months were calculated as 87% and 78%, respectively; while longterm survival rates for three, five, and 10 years were determined to be 62%, 50%, and 26%, respectively. Most significant survival advantage was reported in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, alfa-1 antitrypsin deficiency, and cystic fibrosis patients in bilateral lung transplantation and in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients in single lung transplantation.

Keywords : Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; complication; indication; lung transplantation; survival