ISSN : 1301-5680
e-ISSN : 2149-8156
Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery     
Direct oral anticoagulant agents attenuate temporary aortic occlusion-induced renal oxidative and inflammatory responses in rats
Selim Durmaz1, Tünay Kurtoğlu1, Ömer Faruk Rahman1, Canten Tataroğlu2, Mustafa Yılmaz3, Emin Barbarus4, Muhammet Hüseyin Erkan5
1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Aydın, Türkiye
2Department of Medical Pathology, Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Aydın, Türkiye
3Department of Medical Biochemistry, Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Aydın, Türkiye
4Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Iğdır State Hospital, Iğdır, Türkiye
5Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nevşehir State Hospital, Nevşehir, Türkiye
DOI : 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2022.22831
Background: This study aims to investigate the effects of different direct oral anticoagulants on experimental renal injury induced by temporary infrarenal aortic occlusion.

Methods: A total of 35 male Wistar rats (250 to 350 g) were randomly allocated to any of the five groups: sham, ischemia-reperfusion, rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and apixaban groups. Sham group underwent median laparotomy. Ischemia-reperfusion group was given saline gavage for one week. Animals in the other groups received rivaroxaban (3 mg/kg), dabigatran (15 mg/kg), or apixaban (10 mg/kg) daily once for one week via oral gavage. The infrarenal abdominal aorta was clamped for 60 min, and reperfusion was maintained for 120 min in the ischemia-reperfusion, rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and apixaban groups. At the end of reperfusion, kidneys were harvested for biochemical and histopathological analysis.

Results: Renal total antioxidant capacity was reduced, and total oxidant status, interleukin-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were elevated in the ischemia-reperfusion group, compared to the sham group (p<0.005). Histological damage scores were also higher in the ischemia-reperfusion group (p<0.005). Administration of direct oral anticoagulants caused an increase of total antioxidant capacity and reduction of total oxidant status, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1 beta in the rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and apixaban groups compared to the ischemia-reperfusion group (p<0.005). Histological damage scores were lower in the rivaroxaban and dabigatran groups than the ischemia-reperfusion group scores (p<0.005).

Conclusion: Direct oral anticoagulants reduce aortic clamping-induced renal tissue oxidation and inflammation. Rivaroxaban and dabigatran attenuate ischemia-reperfusion-related histological damage in kidneys.

Keywords : Apixaban, dabigatran, inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion, kidney injury, rivaroxaban
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