Methods: Nine patients (7 men, 2 women; mean age 39.8 years; range 14 to 75 years) who had traumatic vascular injuries and in whom pseudoaneurysm and/or arteriovenous fistulas were demonstrated by color Doppler ultrasonography and/or digital subtraction angiography, were treated with stent-grafts. In case of contrast leakage balloon fixation was performed or another cover stent was deployed. Patients were discharged in 72 hours. Following the procedures, stent patencies were evaluated by clinical examination, color Doppler ultrasonography and digital subtraction angiography.

Results: Three cases had a pseudoaneurysm, four cases had arteriovenous fistulas and two cases had pseudoaneurysms associated with arterivenous fistulas. Two of the arteriovenous fistulas were between superficial femoral artery and vein, one was between anterior tibial artery and vein, one was between common iliac artery and vein, and one was between external iliac artery and vein. Pseudoaneurysms were originating from brachial, axillary and anterior tibial arteries, respectively. Balloon expandable cover stents were used in 4 patients and self-expandable cover stents were used in 5 patients. Technical success was 100%, and patency rate was 100% during a mean follow up of 14.7 months.

Conclusion: Endovascular approach which has a high success and patency rate, may be an alternative to surgical therapy in suitable lesions in the treatment of traumatic vascular injuries.