ISSN : 1301-5680
e-ISSN : 2149-8156
Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery     
Does uncontrolled diabetes mellitus affect cerebral hemodynamics in heart surgery?
Ayşegül Özgök1, Ahmet Tulga Ulus2, Ümit Karadeniz1, Aslı Demir1, Dilek Kazancı1, Sertan Özyalçın2, Yasemen Aydın1, Utku Ünal2
1Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
2Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
DOI : 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2020.18685
Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of poor blood glucose control on the intraoperative cerebral system in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting using various neuromonitors.

Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2011, a total of 40 adult patients (31 males, 9 females; mean age 58.8±9.2 years; range, 38 to 78 years) who were scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting were included in the study. The patients were divided into four groups according to hemoglobin A1c levels as follows: Group 1 including non-diabetic controls (n=11); Group 2 including those with a hemoglobin A1c value of <7% (n=10); Group 3 including those with a hemoglobin A1c value of 7 to 10% (n=11); and Group 4 including those with a hemoglobin A1c value of ≥10% (n=8). Cerebral monitoring was performed with near-infrared spectroscopy and transcranial Doppler. Measurement periods were defined as follows: Before anesthesia induction (period 1), 10 min after anesthesia induction (period 2), during cannulation (period 3), 10 min after cardiopulmonary bypass (period 4), at 32°C temperature during cardiopulmonary bypass (period 5), at 36°C temperature during cardiopulmonary bypass (period 6), and at the end of the operation (period 7).

Results: There was a significant difference in the near-infrared spectroscopy values in the cannulation period for both right (p<0.001) and left (p=0.002) sides and the mean transcranial Doppler flow velocity (p=0.002) in Group 4, compared to Group 1. The heart rate was found to be significantly lower in Group 4 in the cannulation period. The near-infrared spectroscopy values and transcranial Doppler blood flow velocity decreased in Group 4 in all measurement periods.

Conclusion: The results of our study show that, in patients with severe diabetes undergoing open heart surgery, heart rate decreases in the cannulation period due to possible autonomic neuropathy, and cerebral blood flow and oxygenation decrease. For these patients, particularly in the cannulation period, perfusion of both cerebral and other organs should be closely monitored and necessary interventions should be performed.

Keywords : Cardiac anesthesia, cardiac surgery, diabetes mellitus, near-infrared spectroscopy, transcranial Doppler
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