Supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias can increase mortality and morbidity after coronary bypass surgery. The aim of this study was to assess the prophylactic effects of amiodarone on postoperative arrhythmias and left ventricular function.
Methods:
In this randomized study, 50 patients were given amiodarone (25 patients, Group 1) or placebo (25 patients, Group 2) immadiately after elective coronary bypass surgery. Amiodarone was administered as a 1200 mg/day infusion for one day, followed by 600 mg/day for 7 days and 200 mg/day orally for two months. The patients were followed-up for arrhythmias and left ventricular function by electrocardiography and echocardiography.
Results:
Postoperative supraventricular arrhythmias occured in 3 of 25 patients in the amiodarone group (12%) and 12 of the 25 patients in the placebo group (48%) (p <0.05). Ventricular arrhythmias occurred in one patient in the amiodarone group (4%) and 5 patients in the placebo group (20%). Left ventricular ejection fraction decreased at first week and recovered at thirth week in both grups. Pulmonary and liver function tests did not change.
Conclusions:
Postoperative amiodarone theraphy in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery is well tolerated, significantly reduces the incidence of postoperative arhythmias and does not change left ventricular function.
İstatistik
Her iki grubun özellikleri arasındaki fark ki kare ile, amiodaron verilenler ile verilmeyenlerin karşılaştırılması ise iki ortalama arasındaki farkın anlamlılık testi (student t) ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bu çalışmada her iki gruptaki hastalar ilk üç gün devamlı EKG takibi, sonrasında günlük EKG kontrolleri yapılarak postoperatif aritmiler saptanmıştır. İlk 3 günden sonraki dönemde her iki gruptaki hastaları telemetri veya holter ile takip etmediğimiz için kısa süreli aritmileri gözden kaçırmış olabiliriz. Yine de postoperatif erken dönemde amiodaron kullanımının supraventiküler aritmiyi etkin bir şekilde azalttığı, anestezik ajanlarla etkileşimden doğacak pulmoner disfonksiyon, hipotansiyon, hepatik disfonksiyon, düşük kalp debisi gibi komplikasyonlara neden olmadığı, sol ventrikül fonksiyonlarını etkilemediği söylenebilir. Bu veriler ışığında supraventriküler aritmilerin proflaktik tedavisinde postoperatif erken dönemde, intravenöz amiodaron, takiben oral amiodaron kullanımının etkin ve güvenilir olduğunu düşünüyoruz.
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