Methods: From January 2000 to November 2003, 324 direct arteriovenous-fistula were performed on 251 patients suffering from end stage renal disease. Patients mean age was 49.4 ± 21.5 years and ranged from 13 to 74 years, 41% of them were female. The patients included in the study received 241 (74%) radiocephalic fistulas 114 (47%) were created in the anatomic snuff box, 127 (53%) in the forearm including wrist and 83 (26%) brachiocephalic-basilic fistulas.
Results: Occlusion of the access was the most common complication and occured in 62 cases. Six months primary patency rate was 76.3% for radiocephalic fistulas and 94% for brachiocephalic fistulas. The other complications which were seen after brachiocephalic fistulas are hematoma (13%), venous aneurysm (7%), arm edema (4.8%), pseudoaneurysm (2%) and hand ischemia (2%), respectively.
Conclusions: Although the early and late patency rates of brachiocephalic fistulas are higher than radiocephalic fistulas, the incidence of complication due to overflow of shunt is much more higher. The knowledge of the limitating factors and optimal conditions for suitable hemodialysis access and removing of the complications may improve the success of arteriovenous-fistulas.
Her iki gruptaki hastaların verileri, ki-kare, fischer exact test ve student t testi kullanılarak istatistiksel anlamlılıkları değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel anlamlılık sınırı p< .05 olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Şekil 1: Her iki fistül lokalizasyonu için operasyon sonrası açık kalım oranları.
Sonuç olarak, hemodiyaliz girişi için optimal şartların bilinmesi ve sağlanması yanında, gelişen komplikasyonların uygun cerrahi tedavi ile ortadan kaldırılması, endojen arteriyovenöz fistüllerin uzun dönem komplikasyonsuz açık kalım oranlarını artıracak ve hasta yaşam kalitesini yükseltecektir.
1) Brescia MJ, Cimino JE, Apel K. et al. Chronic hemodialysis using veni-puncture and a surgically created arteriovenous fistula. N Engl J Med 1966;275:1089-92.
2) Tedoriya T, Urayama H, Katada S,Watanabe Y. A survey of vascular access for hemodialysis. Vasc Surg 1995;29:123-7.
3) Zeebregts C, Dungen J, Bolt A, et al. Factors predictive of failure of Brescia-Cimino arteriovenous fistulas. Eur J Surg 2002;168:29-36.
4) Stehbens WE, Karmody AM. Venous atherosclerosis associated with arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis. Arch Surg 1975;110:176-80.
5) Bender MH, Bruyninckx CM, Gerlag PG. The brachiocephalic elbow fistula: A useful alternativeangioaccess for permanent hemodialysis. J Vasc Surg 1994;20:808-13.
6) Waakel JA, Huraib S, Mitwalli A, et al. Hemodialysis vascular access and complications. Vasc Surg 1994;28:107-13.
7) Nazzal MS, Neglen P, Christenson JT, Hassan HK. The brachiocephalic fistula: A successful secondary vascularaccess procedure. VASA 1990;19:326-8.
8) Bhama JK, Guinn G, Fisher W. Venous aneurysm following construction of a polytetrafluroethylene arteriovenous dialysis graft. Ann Vasc Surg 2002;16:239-41.
9) Dobkin JF, Miller MH, Steigbigel NH. Septicemia in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Ann Intern Med 1978;88:28-33.
10) Kaplowitz LG, Comstock JA, Landwehr DM, et al. Prospective study of microbial colonization of the nose and skin and infection of the vascular access site in hemodialysis patients. J Clin Microbiol 1988;26:1257-62.