ISSN : 1301-5680
e-ISSN : 2149-8156
Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery     
The effects of amantadine on lung tissue in lower limb ischemia/reperfusion injury model in rats
Mustafa Orhan1, Ayça Taş Tuna1, Yusuf Ünal2, Mustafa Arslan2, Hayrullah Yazar3, Şaban Cem Sezen4, Sezen Irmak Gözükara5, Onur Palabıyık1
1Department of Anesthesiology of Reanimation, Sakarya University, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
2Department of Anesthesiology of Reanimation, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
3Department of Biochemistry, Sakarya University, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
4Department of Histology and Embryology, Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale, Turkey
5Biochemistry Clinic, Sakarya University, Training and Research Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
DOI : 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2021.19884
Background: This study aims to evaluate the effect of amantadine on lung tissue of after lower limb ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

Methods: A total of 24 Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups including six rats in each: sham group (Group S), amantadine group (Group A), ischemia/reperfusion group (Group I/R), and ischemia/reperfusion + amantadine group (Group I/R-A). All groups underwent a midline abdominal incision. In Groups I/R and I/R-A, the infrarenal abdominal aorta was clamped for 120 min and, then, reperfused for 120 min after removal of the clamp. Amantadine hydrochloride 45 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally to the rats of Groups A and Group I/R-A 15 min before surgery. At the end of reperfusion period (240 min), all rats were sacrificed, and their lung tissues were obtained. Lung tissue catalase and superoxide dismutase activities and glutathione S-transferase and malondialdehyde levels were analyzed. Lung tissues were examined histopathologically.

Results: Catalase activity was lower in Groups A, I/R, and I/R-A compared to Group S. Superoxide dismutase activity was higher in Group I/R than Group S. Superoxide dismutase activity in Groups I/R-A and A decreased, compared to Groups S and I/R. Glutathione S-transferase levels decreased in Groups I/R and A, compared to Group S. Glutathione S-transferase levels in Group I/R-A were higher than Groups I/R and A. The highest level of malondialdehyde was found in Group I/R and the lowest level was found in Group I/R-A. According to histopathological examination, infiltration scores were significantly lower in Group S than Groups I/R and I/R-A (p=0.009 and p=0.011, respectively). The alveolar wall thickening scores in Group I/R were also significantly higher than Groups S and Group A (p=0.001 and p=0.001, respectively).

Conclusion: Lung tissue can be affected histopathologically by ischemia/ reperfusion injury and this injury can be reversed by amantadine administration.

Keywords : Amantadine, ischemia/reperfusion, lower limb, lung
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